STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL
PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament. Established in 1966, SIPRI provides data, analysis and recommendations, based on open sources.
© SIPRI 2025
What drove a recent wave of arms industry consolidation?
This backgrounder investigates the circumstances behind a wave of consolidation in the arms industry. To do this, it uses data on mergers and acquisitions among European (excluding Russia) and North American companies appearing in the SIPRI Top 100 in the 10-year period 2014–23.
Recent trends in international arms transfers in the Middle East and North Africa
This topical backgrounder unpacks recent trends in major arms imports and exports in the Middle East and North Africa.
Are the European NATO states moving towards self-reliance in arms procurement? A Q&A with Katarina Djokic
What does the new SIPRI arms transfers data tell us about dependence on US imports, and what lies behind European procurement decisions?
Facts and myths about nuclear materials trafficking: A Q&A with Robert Kelley
Nuclear expert Robert E. Kelley talks about hype, misinformation and genuine proliferation risks around the smuggling of nuclear materials.
The transformation of Ukraine’s arms industry amid war with Russia
The Ukrainian arms industry has seen prodigious growth and modernization since Russia's invasion, but its long-term viability still hangs in the balance.
Spyware as a service: Challenges in applying export controls to cloud-based cyber-surveillance software
States have varying understandings and practices when it comes to applying export controls to the provision of cyber-surveillance tools under a software-as-a-service model. The potential gaps and loopholes this leaves need to be addressed.
Dilemmas in the policy debate on autonomous weapon systems
Autonomous weapons systems raise profound questions about the human role in the use of force. How those questions get answered on the international stage, or whether they get answered at all, currently hangs in the balance.
Implications of the UN resolutions on ‘international cooperation on peaceful uses’: Balancing non-proliferation and economic development
This backgrounder assesses the motivations behind the support for a new United Nations General Assembly resolution and two predecessors, the concerns they have raised, and their potential impact on the regimes and global non-proliferation efforts.
Making the most of the EU catch-all control on cyber-surveillance exports
This backgrounder examines the EU Dual-use Regulation catch-all control and new guidelines intended to help exporters to comply with it.
How top arms exporters have responded to the war in Gaza
This backgrounder explores how the war in Gaza has affected the arms export policy and practice of six of the world’s top 10 exporters of major conventional arms.