12. Conventional arms control

Summary

Challenged by the fact of NATO enlargement
and the need for a new approach to military security, the states
parties to the 1990 Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
(CFE Treaty) pursued businesslike negotiations in 1997 on the
adaptation of the treaty, which led to the July Decision by the
Joint Consultative Group Concerning Certain Basic Elements for
Treaty Adaptation. The implementation of the 1996 Agreement on
Sub-Regional Arms Control (the Florence Agreement) effected reductions
in heavy armaments of the former warring parties in the former
Yugoslavia and created a militarily stable environment which
it is hoped will enable further steps towards stability in the
Balkans as a whole.

Russia pledged a 40% reduction in its land
and naval forces and proposed confidence- and security-building
measures (CSBMs) for the Baltic Sea region, offering good prospects
for a regional security dialogue. Outside Europe, the most promising
regional security dialogue was in the Asia-Pacific region, with
moves towards increased security-related confidence building
and maritime cooperation.

Appendix 12A. Confidence- and security-buildung measures in Europe

ZDZISLAW LACHOWSKI AND PATRICK HERICHON

Summary

The OSCE Forum
for Security Cooperation agreed on a number of amendments and
undertook to launch a process of general 'modernization' of the
Vienna Document 1994. The 1996 Agreement on CSBMs in Bosnia and
Herzegovina was in its second year of successful operation. Elsewhere
in Europe, regional confidence- and security-building efforts
are shown to have had a mixed record: in one area raising hopes
for progress (the Baltic Sea region), while in the south-eastern
part of the continent failing after a short-lived accord (on
Greek-Turkish relations).

Appendix 12B. Basic elements for CFE Treaty adaption

Appendix 12B
contains the 1997 Decision of the Joint Consultative Group Concerning
Certain Basic Elements for Treaty Adaptation.